Abstract

Medicinal plants gain attention due to theirs extensive treatment and have fewer side effects. In actual fact, plants were the mere basis of healing till the initiation of manufactured pharmaceutical products during previous years. The aim of this study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis and anti-bacterial activity for medicinal plant “Retama”, "raetem (forssk) Webb". The plant “Retama” was extracted by using Soxhlet apparatus with appropriate solvents (aqueous and ethyl alcohol separately), The phytochemical screening (qualitatively) of leafs crude extracts showed a presence of Carbohydrates, Tannins, Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Flavonoids, Cardiac Glycosides, Saponins, Fatty Acids, Protein, Amino Acid, Steroids, and Flavonoids. And absent of Fatty Acids, Coumarins, Anthraquinone and Terpenoids. In addition the phytochemical screening (quantitatively) showed the highest concentrations were saponins (10%), Flavonoids (9%) and then alkaloids (8%) were observed. The antibacterial activity of leafs crude extracts (Aqueous and Ethanolic) of the plant was confirmed by using two Gram-positive bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis) and two Gram-negative bacterial strains (Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli). Where was determined by Disc Diffusion Method on nutrient agar medium. The treatments also included of used solvents and Antibiotics (Augmentin, Amoxicillin, Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime) attended as a standard controls. The late were incubated for 24 h at 37ºC and zone of inhibition if any around the discs were measured in mm (millimeter). The tested plant crude extracts have a good antibacterial activity against E. coli for aqueous extract with an inhibition zone of 11mm and with an inhibition zone of 12mm for ethanolic extract and Staphylococcus Aureus with an inhibition zone of 9mm for ethanolic extract and with an inhibition zone of 8mm for aqueous extract and Staphylococcus Epidermis with an inhibition zone of 8mm for ethanolic extract, and with an inhibition zone of 9mm for aqueous extract, while moderate antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia with an inhibition zone of 7mm for ethanolic extract and with an inhibition zone of 6mm for aqueous extract compared with appropriate antibiotics used.