International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Invention

Biofeed through Bioconversion process with the Engineered Methylomicrobium buryatense Strain 5GBC1-RO1

Fri, 01 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study presents a novel approach to mitigate methane emissions while simultaneously addressing the growing demand for sustainable animal feed through the development of an engineered methanotrophic strain, Methylomicrobium buryatense 5GB1C-RO1. Utilizing advanced genetic engineering techniques, including CRISPR/Cas9 and horizontal gene transfer, we have optimized the ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) cycle and enhanced oxidase activity in this strain. The bioconversion process is facilitated by innovative bioreactor designs, including Two-Phase Partitioning Bioreactors (TPPBs) and Inverse Membrane Bioreactors (IMBRs), which significantly improve methane solubility and mass transfer. Through metabolic flux analysis and computational modeling, we have achieved high biomass yields and efficient methane utilization. The resulting biofeed demonstrates a superior nutritional profile, with optimized macronutrient content and essential components. This integrated approach not only contributes to greenhouse gas mitigation but also offers a promising solution for sustainable animal nutrition. Our findings suggest that the 5GB1C-RO1 strain and associated bioprocesses have the potential to revolutionize both environmental protection and agricultural sustainability

The Evidence Base for Major Cancer Types: Nutritional and Lifestyle Factors Affecting Prevention

Umesh C. Gupta, Subhas C. Gupta, Saira S. Gupta — Fri, 22 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells, forming tumors that can attack surrounding tissues and spread all over the body through the blood and lymphatic systems. Among the various types of cancer, the five major categories include carcinoma, sarcoma, melanoma, lymphoma and leukemia. Carcinomas, the most common, originate in the skin, lungs, breasts, pancreas, and other organs and glands. Lymphomas affect lymphocytes, while leukemia impacts blood cells. Melanoma typically begins in the skin and sarcomas arise in connective tissues like bone and muscle. Certain cancers, such as pancreatic cancer, mesothelioma, gall- bladder cancer, and cancer of esophagus are linked with higher death and poor rates of the survival. Key factors contributing to cancer risk include smoking, alcohol consumption, genetics, family history, socioeconomic status and environmental exposures. Preventive measures, such as, adhering to a Mediterranean diet, consuming foods rich in phytochemicals, like flavonoids and curcumin, limiting alcohol intake, quitting smoking, engaging in consistent physical activity, sustaining a healthy weight, and keeping away from excessive sun and obesity, are critical for reducing cancer risk. This review synthesizes current evidence on nutritional and lifestyles factors that influence the prevention of major cancer types, emphasizing the importance of integrated public health strategies in reducing cancer incidence globally.

Generative AI to Predict Breast Cancer: Current Approaches, Advancements, and Challenges

Alma Mohapatra — Fri, 08 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with early detection playing a critical role in improving patient outcomes and survival rates. Traditional diagnostic methods, though effective, often face challenges in terms of accessibility, cost, and the need for highly skilled radiologists. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Generative AI (GAI), have opened new avenues in medical imaging and predictive analysis. Unlike conventional AI models, Generative AI can produce synthetic data that mimics real mammograms, providing a robust solution to data scarcity and enhancing model training.

This paper explores the application of Generative AI, especially Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), in predicting breast cancer through synthetic imaging and data augmentation techniques. By generating high-quality synthetic breast cancer imaging data, GAI models can improve diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity. We review recent studies and case examples where Generative AI has demonstrated efficacy in predicting and detecting breast cancer at early stages, often outperforming traditional AI models. In addition, we provide a technical overview of the workflow involved in training and deploying GAI models for breast cancer prediction, highlighting steps from data acquisition and preprocessing to model evaluation.

The findings suggest that while Generative AI holds significant promise in predictive oncology, it also faces challenges related to model interpretability, data bias, and ethical considerations. We discuss these limitations and propose strategies to address them, focusing on the need for diversified data sources, model transparency, and collaboration between data scientists and healthcare professionals. The paper concludes with an outlook on future advancements in Generative AI, including the integration of newer models such as diffusion models, and emphasizes the potential of these technologies to revolutionize cancer diagnostics by providing cost-effective, accessible, and highly accurate predictive tools for breast cancer.

Endolaser Technique Application without Using Anesthetic Substance for Treating Aesthetic Disorders: Clinical Experience in Brazil

Fábio dos Santos Borges, Eloiza Zimmer — Fri, 22 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: In Brazil, the use of subdermal laser technique is routinely associated with the use of anesthetics, mainly lidocaine used undiluted or in the form of Klein's tumescent solution. In our clinical practice, we chose to carry out most of the clinical care without using anesthetic substances, ensuring safety, relative comfort and excellent clinical results.

Objective: To describe the authors' clinical experience regarding the use of endolaser in Brazil for treating aesthetic conditions without the use of anesthetics.

Material and methods: This study is characterized by exploratory research presented through a narrative review, to highlight the foundations and criteria for the treatment of aesthetic dysfunctions using endolaser technique without the use of anesthetics. In addition to the bibliographical review, data relating to the authors' clinical experience using this technique were added to this study.

Results: We identified that using endolaser with low powers, pulsed mode with T.On of 50 ms and T.Off of 50 ms, controlled local energy accumulation, monitoring skin temperature by thermographic imaging and associating it with the tolerance and discomfort reported by the patient during treatment, makes the use of the endolaser without anesthetics viable and safe.

Conclusion: We concluded that using endolaser without anesthetics for treating aesthetic dysfunctions is viable, safe and effective, but requires attention to the use of lower dosimetric power and energy levels, and also to monitoring skin temperature during the procedure.