Abstract
Age-related changes in physiology and pharmacology can affect every aspect of perioperative care. The purpose of this study was to describe the natural history, identify risk factors, and determine outcomes for the development of postoperative delirium in the elderly. Pathogenesis :The underlying mechanisms contributing to delirium are poorly understood. Risk factors for delirium:The following are risk factors which are associated with an increased risk of delirium:Age ≥65 years.Male sex.Pre-existing cognitive deficit, e.g. dementia, stroke.Severity of dementia. Co-existing medical problems etc.The recognition and identification of appropriate interventions for patients with acute postoperative delirium continues to challenge perianesthesia nurses, anesthesia care providers,and other health care providers.