Abstract
Immune system attacks on the body's own brain or neural tissues are known as neuroautoimmune diseases. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is made up of highly specialised brain endothelial cells, normally shields the brain from the outside world. However, recurrent disruptions to the BBB may result from traumatic brain injury (TBI), which can happen in sports like football and other ones. A faulty exchange of chemicals between the blood and the brain may result from this opening of the entrance to the brain. Various brain tissue antigens and BBB proteins, including S100-B, may be wrongly recognised as intrusive agents by a compromised immune system, which can also result in the production of autoreactive antibodies. Concussions or other brain injuries have been effectively confirmed using S100-B in combination with CT scanning. The presence of S100-B antibodies may even be used to gauge a patient's level of recovery and determine whether it is safe to resume normal activities since they go further to show that the BBB has been compromised and autoimmunity has been triggered against the brain cells. The significance of detecting antibodies against S100-B and other CNS autoantigens in the diagnosis and treatment of TBI patients is supported by these results.
