Abstract
Syphilis is an infectious disease with a great significant resurgence in the past few years. This neglected disease is sometimes not recognized by doctors, specially the secondary form and its multiple presentations in the skin. The objective of this article is to highlight the differential diagnosis and appoint diagnostic tips in order to not dismiss syphilis diagnose. These five cases reported herein of secondary syphilis were handled in primary care units during an interdisciplinary care called matrix support. The matrix support is a new educational strategy that combines specialist doctors in primary care with the purpose not only to attend the patient but also to upgrade the family doctor’s formation. This matrix support in dermatology increases diagnostic accuracy, helps to distinguish syphilis and pharmacodermia, fungal infection, pityriasis rosea, urticarial rash, psoriasis and other rashes. Then, improving its recognition, also contribute to a better disease control.