Abstract
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, severe and atypical form of chronic pyelonephritis that results in replacement of renal and/or perirenal tissue with a diffuse infiltrate of inflammatory cells referred to as xanthoma cells. We present a case of 55year old female with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. The lesion is unique among the all other inflammatory conditions and closely mimics renal tumours with its tumour like clinical behaviour. It can affect either kidney with equal frequency and can spread to involve and/or destroy adjacent organs